Uterine fibroids are one of the most common health conditions affecting women worldwide. Despite their prevalence, many women are not fully aware of what fibroids are, how they can impact their health, or how to manage them effectively. Dr. Veena Agrawal, a leading gynecologist at ARHI Hospital in Gwalior, offers her expert insights into understanding uterine fibroids and how they affect women’s health.

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. These fibroids are made of muscle and fibrous tissue, and they can vary in size from as small as a pea to as large as a melon. In some cases, women may have only one fibroid, while others may develop multiple fibroids at once.

Fibroids can occur at any age but are most commonly found in women between the ages of 30 and 50. While many women with uterine fibroids experience no symptoms, others may face a variety of challenges depending on the size, number, and location of the fibroids.

Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

Not all uterine fibroids cause symptoms, but when they do, the effects can significantly impact a woman’s health and quality of life. Dr. Veena Agrawal highlights the following common symptoms that may indicate the presence of fibroids:

• Heavy or Prolonged Menstrual Bleeding: One of the most common symptoms of fibroids is heavy menstrual bleeding, which can lead to anemia due to excessive blood loss.

• Pelvic Pain or Pressure: Larger fibroids can cause discomfort or pain in the pelvic region, often experienced as a feeling of fullness or heaviness.

• Frequent Urination: Fibroids pressing on the bladder can cause frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder fully.

• Pain During Intercourse: Some women with fibroids may experience pain during sexual activity, especially if the fibroids are located in certain areas of the uterus.

• Lower Back Pain or Leg Pain: In some cases, fibroids can cause lower back pain or pain radiating down the legs, particularly when they press on surrounding structures.

• Reproductive Issues: Fibroids can sometimes cause infertility, pregnancy complications, or miscarriage, particularly if they are located near the uterine lining or fallopian tubes.

The Impact of Uterine Fibroids on Your Health

While fibroids are often benign, their impact on a woman’s overall health can be profound. Dr. Veena Agrawal explains that untreated or large fibroids can lead to several serious complications:

1. Anemia: Chronic heavy bleeding caused by fibroids can result in anemia, a condition where the body lacks enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to tissues. This can cause fatigue, weakness, and difficulty performing everyday activities.

2. Chronic Pain: Persistent pelvic pain or pressure from fibroids can affect a woman’s ability to perform daily tasks and negatively impact her quality of life. The discomfort can lead to emotional and psychological stress as well.

3. Reproductive and Pregnancy Complications: While many women with fibroids can still conceive, larger fibroids or those located near the uterine cavity may interfere with fertility. Fibroids can also lead to pregnancy complications, including preterm labor, miscarriage, or difficulties during childbirth.

4. Urinary Problems: Fibroids that press against the bladder can result in frequent urination, urgency, or even urinary retention, all of which can affect a woman’s daily life and cause embarrassment or inconvenience.

5. Mental Health and Emotional Well-Being: Living with the physical discomfort and unpredictable symptoms of fibroids can take a toll on mental health. The stress, anxiety, and frustration from dealing with chronic pain or heavy bleeding can contribute to emotional distress and a reduced sense of well-being.

Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids

While uterine fibroids can have a significant impact on a woman’s health, the good news is that there are several treatment options available, depending on the severity of the symptoms and the size and location of the fibroids. Dr. Veena Agrawal emphasizes that treatment plans should be personalized to each woman’s needs, whether they are looking to preserve their fertility or simply find relief from symptoms.

1. Medications: Medications may help manage symptoms, such as pain or heavy bleeding. Hormonal treatments, like birth control or IUDs, can regulate menstrual cycles and reduce bleeding. In some cases, drugs like GnRH agonists are used to shrink fibroids before surgery.

2. Non-Invasive Procedures: For some women, minimally invasive treatments can be effective. These include procedures like uterine artery embolization, which blocks the blood supply to the fibroids, causing them to shrink.

3. Myomectomy: A myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids while preserving the uterus. This option is typically recommended for women who want to maintain their fertility but need relief from fibroid-related symptoms.

4. Hysterectomy: In cases where fibroids are particularly large, numerous, or causing significant complications, a hysterectomy may be recommended. This procedure involves the removal of the uterus and is the most definitive treatment for fibroids.

5. Lifestyle Changes: Dr. Veena Agrawal also suggests that women with fibroids make certain lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and managing stress, as these can help manage fibroid-related symptoms and improve overall health.

When to Seek Medical Help

If you are experiencing any symptoms of uterine fibroids, Dr. Veena Agrawal advises that you seek medical help promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve your quality of life. If you are struggling with heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, or any of the other symptoms mentioned, it’s essential to speak with a healthcare provider to discuss your options.

Conclusion

Uterine fibroids are a common condition, but their impact on your health should not be underestimated. With proper diagnosis and treatment, you can manage the symptoms and lead a healthy, fulfilling life. Dr. Veena Agrawal, a trusted gynecologist at ARHI Hospital in Gwalior, is dedicated to providing women with the care and treatment they need to address fibroids and other reproductive health issues.

If you are experiencing any symptoms of uterine fibroids, don’t hesitate to reach out to Dr. Veena Agrawal at ARHI Hospital for expert advice and personalized care.